Poroteyine ya beta-amyloide (1-42) y'abantu, izwi kandi nka Aβ 1-42, ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gufungura amabanga y'indwara ya Alzheimer.Iyi peptide igira uruhare runini mugushinga plaque amyloide, cluster idasanzwe yangiza ubwonko bwabarwayi ba Alzheimer.Hamwe n'ingaruka zangiza, bihagarika itumanaho rya neuronal, bigatera umuriro, kandi bigatera neurotoxicity, biganisha ku guta ubwenge no kwangirika kw'imitsi.Gutohoza uburyo bwo kwegeranya hamwe nuburozi ntabwo ari ngombwa gusa;ni urugendo rushimishije rwo gukemura ikibazo cya Alzheimer no guteza imbere imiti izaza.
Aβ 1-42 nigice cya peptide ya acide 42 ya amine ikomoka kumatembabuzi ya amyloide precursor protein (APP) na β- na γ -ibanga.Aβ 1-42 ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize plaque amyloide yegeranya mu bwonko bw'abarwayi bafite indwara ya Alzheimer, indwara ya neurodegenerative disorder irangwa no kutamenya neza no guta ubwenge.Aβ 1-42 byagaragaye ko ifite imirimo nuburyo bukoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima na biomedical, nka:
1.Neurotoxicity: Aβ 1-42 irashobora gukora oligomeri ishonga ibasha guhuza no guhagarika imikorere yimitsi ya neuronal, reseptors, na synaps.Izi oligomers zirashobora kandi gutera impagarara za okiside, gutwika, na apoptose muri neuron, biganisha ku gutakaza synaptic no gupfa kwa neuronal.Aβ 1-42 oligomers ifatwa nka neurotoxic kurusha ubundi buryo bwa Aβ, nka Aβ 1-40, ubwo ni bwo buryo bwinshi bwa Aβ mu bwonko.Aβ 1-42 oligomers nayo yatekerezaga ko ishobora gukwirakwira kuva mu ngirabuzimafatizo kugera mu ngirabuzimafatizo, bisa na prion, kandi bigatera kwibumbira hamwe no kwegeranya izindi poroteyine, nka tau, zikora imitsi ya neurofibrillary mu ndwara ya Alzheimer.
Aβ 1-42 ifatwa cyane nka Aβ isoform hamwe na neurotoxicity yo hejuru.Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe bwerekanye neurotoxicity ya Aβ 1-42 ukoresheje uburyo nuburyo butandukanye.Kurugero, Lesné n'abandi..Lambert n'abandi..Walsh n'abandi..Uku kubuzwa kwari gufitanye isano no kwibuka no kutamenya kwiga, bishimangira ingaruka za Aβ 1-42 oligomers kuri plastike ya synaptic.Shankar n'abandi..
Mubyongeyeho, Su n'abandi..Bagaragaje genes nyinshi na poroteyine zatewe na Aβ 1-42 munzira zijyanye na apoptotique, guhinduranya poroteyine, cAMP catabolika no gukemura ibibazo bya endoplasmic reticulum.Takeda n'abandi..Berekanye ko uburozi bwa Aβ 1-42 buterwa na Zn2 + bwihuse bwihuse hamwe no gusaza kubera kwiyongera kwimyaka bitewe na Zn2 idasanzwe.Basabye ko Aβ 1-42 isohora ubudahwema kuva muri neuron itera indwara ziterwa no kumenya ubwenge no kugabanuka kwa neurodegeneration binyuze mu nda ya Zn2 + dysregulation.Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko Aβ 1-42 ari ikintu cyingenzi mu guhuza ubwonko bw’ubwonko n’iterambere ry’indwara ya Alzheimer bigira ingaruka ku mikorere itandukanye ya molekile na selile mu bwonko.
2. Ibikorwa bya mikorobe: Bivugwa ko Aβ 1-42 ifite ibikorwa bya mikorobe birwanya virusi zitandukanye, nka bagiteri, ibihumyo, na virusi.Aβ 1-42 irashobora guhambira no guhungabanya ururenda rwa mikorobe, biganisha kuri lysis no gupfa.Aβ 1-42 irashobora kandi gukora sisitemu yubudahangarwa bw'umubiri no kwinjiza ingirabuzimafatizo aho zanduye.Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekanye ko kwirundanya kwa Aβ mu bwonko bishobora kuba igisubizo kirinda indwara zidakira cyangwa ibikomere.Nyamara, umusaruro ukabije cyangwa utagabanijwe wa Aβ urashobora kandi kwangiza ingwate ingirabuzimafatizo hamwe nuduce.
Bivugwa ko Aβ 1-42 igaragaza ibikorwa bya mikorobe birwanya indwara zitandukanye, nka bagiteri, ibihumyo, na virusi, nka Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, na virusi ya Herpes simplex yo mu bwoko bwa 1, ikorana na membrane zabo kandi kubatera guhungabana na lysis.Kumar n'abandi..Usibye ibikorwa byayo birwanya mikorobe, Aβ 1-42 irashobora kandi guhindura uburyo bwo gukingira indwara ndetse no kwinjiza ingirabuzimafatizo aho zanduye.Soscia n'abandi.. poroteyine ya chemoattractant-1 (MCP-1), na macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α), muri microglia na astrocytes, ingirabuzimafatizo nyamukuru mu bwonko.
Igishushanyo 2. Aβ peptide ifite ibikorwa bya mikorobe.
(Soscia SJ, Kirby JE, Washicosky KJ, Tucker SM, Ingelsson M, Hyman B, Burton MA, Goldstein LE, Duong S, Tanzi RE, Moir RD. . 2010 Werurwe 3; 5 (3): e9505.)
Mugihe ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekanye ko kwirundanya kwa Aβ mubwonko bishobora kuba igisubizo cyokwirinda indwara zidakira cyangwa ibikomere, kuko Aβ ishobora gukora nka peptide yica mikorobe (AMP) ikanakuraho indwara ziterwa na virusi, imikoranire igoye hagati ya Aβ na mikorobe ikomeza kuba a ingingo yiperereza.Impirimbanyi yoroheje igaragazwa nubushakashatsi bwa Moir n'abandi..Umusaruro ukabije cyangwa udakabije wa Aβ urashobora gutuma yegeranya kandi igashyirwa mu bwonko, bigakora oligomeri yubumara na fibrile byangiza imikorere ya neuronal kandi bigatera neuroinflammation.Izi nzira z’indwara zifitanye isano no kugabanuka kwubwenge no guta ubwenge mu ndwara ya Alzheimer, indwara ya neurodegenerative disorder irangwa no guta umutwe.Kubwibyo, uburinganire hagati yingaruka ningaruka mbi za Aβ ningirakamaro mukubungabunga ubuzima bwubwonko no kwirinda neurodegeneration.
3.Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga: Aβ 1-42 byagaragaye ko igira uruhare mu kugena ibyuma bya homeostasis mu bwonko.Icyuma nikintu cyingenzi mubikorwa byinshi byibinyabuzima, ariko fer irenze irashobora kandi gutera impagarara za okiside na neurodegeneration.Aβ 1-42 irashobora guhuza ibyuma no koroshya ibyoherezwa muri neurone ikoresheje ferroportine, itwara ibyuma bya transembrane.Ibi birashobora gufasha kwirinda kwirundanya kwicyuma nuburozi mubwonko, kuko ibyuma birenze urugero bishobora gutera okiside na neurodegeneration.Duce n'abandi..Berekanye kandi ko Aβ 1-42 yagabanije imvugo ya hepcidine, imisemburo ibuza ferroportine, muri astrocytes, bikarushaho kuzamura ibyuma byoherezwa muri neurone.Nyamara, icyuma gifatanye na Aβ gishobora nanone guhinduka cyane hamwe no gushira mumwanya udasanzwe, bigakora plaque amyloide.Ayton n'abandi.(Ikinyamakuru cya Biologiya Chemistry, 2015) cyatangaje ko icyuma cyateje imbere ishingwa rya Aβ oligomers na fibrile muri vitro no muri vivo.Berekanye kandi ko chelation ya fer yagabanije Aβ guteranya no gushira mu mbeba za transgenji.Kubwibyo, kuringaniza hagati yingirakamaro ningaruka za Aβ 1-42 kuri fer homeostasis nibyingenzi mukubungabunga ubuzima bwubwonko no kwirinda neurodegeneration.
Turi polypeptide mu Bushinwa, dufite uburambe bwimyaka myinshi mukubyara umusaruro wa polypeptide.Hangzhou Taijia Biotech Co., Ltd. ni uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya polypeptide yabigize umwuga, rushobora gutanga ibihumbi icumi by’ibikoresho fatizo bya polypeptide kandi birashobora no gutegurwa ukurikije ibikenewe.Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya polypeptide nibyiza, kandi ubuziranenge bushobora kugera kuri 98%, byamenyekanye nabakoresha kwisi yose. Murakaza neza kutugisha inama.
